Man’s responsibility to God is a truth that is found throughout the scriptures.  You asked how we find this truth in the book of Romans, so I will try to confine most of my thoughts to that book.  Let’s begin by looking at Romans 1:18-20, “For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who hold the truth in unrighteousness; Because that which may be known of God is manifest in them; for God hath shewed it unto them. For the invisible things of him from the creation of the world are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even his eternal power and Godhead; so that they are without excuse.”  In God’s creation, He has made Himself known to His creatures.  In His creation, we see His eternal power shown in the complexity of what He has made.  We see its precise order and realize that it can only be the hand of God that could create and maintain this world.  In His creation, we also see His Godhead, or divinity.

Ecclesiastes 3:11 says, “He has made everything beautiful in its time. Also He has put eternity in their hearts.” (NKJV)  This shows us that the Lord has given man the capacity to conceive eternity and the longing after an eternal life.  And then “that which may be known of God is manifest in them; for God hath shewed it unto them.”  God, our creator, has made Himself known to us in His creation.

It is having the knowledge of God and His ways that makes us responsible to Him for our actions.  The ‘writing on the wall’ that Daniel interpreted for King Belshazzar is as true for us as it was for him.  We read in Daniel 5:27, “Thou art weighed in the balances, and art found wanting.”  We, as part of God’s creation have been ‘found wanting’, or put in another way, we have “all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God.” (Romans 3:23)  Having ‘come short’ of God’s glory, we have absolutely no way of pleasing God.  We are all under the penalty of death because of our sins.  Ezekiel 18:20 is clear, “The soul that sinneth, it shall die.”

We read in Romans 3:19, “Now we know that what things soever the law saith, it saith to them who are under the law: that every mouth may be stopped, and ALL THE WORLD MAY BECOME GUILTY BEFORE GOD.”  We stand responsible and guilty before the God who created us.

Romans 5:12 tells us, “Wherefore, as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned.”  ALL SIN IS SIN AGAINST GOD!  In Genesis, when Joseph was the servant of Potiphar in Egypt, that Potiphar’s wife tried to seduce him.  We read the words of Joseph in Genesis 39:9, “There is none greater in this house than I; neither hath he kept back any thing from me but thee, because thou art his wife: how then can I do this great wickedness, and SIN AGAINST GOD?”  Because we have all sinned against God, we die spiritually.

That should be enough from the book of Romans to show that we are responsible to God.  We stand responsible and guilty before the God who not only created us, but who loves us beyond measure.  It’s comforting to realize that although we have sinned against God, and we are responsible to Him for those sins, He love us and wants to forgive us for our sins.  In order to do that, someone would have to pay the sin debt we owed to God.  We read in Romans 5:6 and 8, “For when we were yet without strength, in due time Christ died for the ungodly…But God commendeth his love toward us, in that, while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us.”  This is amazing.  The very One that we sinned against has provided forgiveness for our sins through faith in His Son who died for us!  Romans 10:9 says, “That if thou shalt confess with thy mouth the Lord Jesus, and shalt believe in thine heart that God hath raised him from the dead, thou shalt be saved.”  (221.4)